如何让ChatGPT充当细致入微的Java代码优化工？

注：本文使用New Bing（GPT4.0）演示

1、让他扮演一个Java软件开发者

第一步：我们让ChatGPT扮演一个Java软件开发者的角色

提示词插件：地址：ChatGPT BingChat GPT3 Prompt Generator App (Streamlit) – a Hugging Face Space by Kaludi

Java Software Developer Java软件开发者

I want you to act as a Java software developer.
 I will provide you with a list of commands and you will implement them. 
My first request is "I need help creating a Java application."

如何让ChatGPT充当细致入微的Java代码优化工？

2、准备一个不太好的Java代码示例

第二步：我们准备一个写得不太好的Java代码示例

Bad Java Example：

public int calculateUsingIfElse(int a, int b, String operator) {
  int result = 0;
  if (operator.equals("add")) {
    result = a + b;
  } else if (operator.equals("subtract")) {
    result = a - b;
  } else if (operator.equals("multiply")) {
    result = a * b;
  } else if (operator.equals("divide")) {
    if (b == 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot divide by zero");
    }
    result = a / b;
  } else if (operator.equals("modulus")) {
    if (b == 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot divide by zero");
    }
    result = a % b;
  } else if (operator.equals("power")) {
    result = (int) Math.pow(a, b);
  } else if (operator.equals("square root")) {
    if (a < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot take square root of negative number");
    }
    result = (int) Math.sqrt(a);
  } else if (operator.equals("absolute value")) {
    result = Math.abs(a);
  } else if (operator.equals("negate")) {
    result = -a;
  } else {
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid operator");
  }
  return result;
}

如何让ChatGPT充当细致入微的Java代码优化工？

3、让他优化这段代码

第三步：让newBing（ChatGPT）优化这段代码

并且要求「整理成比较优雅的代码结构，比如自动拆分子函数、降低if和循环嵌套，甚至实现部分设计模式。」

如何让ChatGPT充当细致入微的Java代码优化工？

// 定义一个接口，表示不同的运算策略
public interface OperationStrategy {
  int apply(int a, int b);
}


// 定义一个枚举，表示不同的运算符和对应的策略
public enum Operator {
  ADD((a, b) -> a + b),
  SUBTRACT((a, b) -> a - b),
  MULTIPLY((a, b) -> a * b),
  DIVIDE((a, b) -> {
    if (b == 0) {
      throw new ArithmeticException("Cannot divide by zero");
    }
    return a / b;
  }),
  MODULUS((a, b) -> {
    if (b == 0) {
      throw new ArithmeticException("Cannot divide by zero");
    }
    return a % b;
  }),
  POWER((a, b) -> (int) Math.pow(a, b)),
  SQUARE_ROOT((a, b) -> {
    if (a < 0) {
      throw new ArithmeticException("Cannot take square root of negative number");
    }
    return (int) Math.sqrt(a);
  }),
  ABSOLUTE_VALUE(Math::abs),
  NEGATE(a -> -a);


  private final OperationStrategy strategy;


  Operator(OperationStrategy strategy) {
    this.strategy = strategy;
  }


  public int apply(int a, int b) {
    return strategy.apply(a, b);
  }
}


// 定义一个方法，根据运算符和操作数来计算结果
public int calculateUsingStrategy(int a, int b, String operatorName) {


   // 根据运算符名称找到对应的枚举常量，如果没有找到则抛出异常
   Operator operator = Operator.valueOf(operatorName.toUpperCase());
   if (operator == null) {
     throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid operator");
   }


   // 调用枚举常量的apply方法来执行相应的策略
   return operator.apply(a,b);
}

4、让他写个单测

第四步：我们最后让他收下尾——写个单测吧

如何让ChatGPT充当细致入微的Java代码优化工？

import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;


// 定义一个测试类，用@Test注解标记要执行的测试方法
public class CalculatorTest {


  // 定义一个测试方法，用assertEquals方法来验证计算结果是否正确
  @Test
  public void testAdd() {
    int result = calculateUsingStrategy(3, 5, "add");
    assertEquals(8, result);
  }


  // 定义其他的测试方法，分别测试不同的运算符和操作数
  @Test
  public void testSubtract() {
    int result = calculateUsingStrategy(10, 4, "subtract");
    assertEquals(6, result);
  }


  @Test
  public void testMultiply() {
    int result = calculateUsingStrategy(7, 9, "multiply");
    assertEquals(63, result);
  }


  @Test
  public void testDivide() {
    int result = calculateUsingStrategy(12, 3, "divide");
    assertEquals(4, result);
  }


   // 定义一个测试方法，用assertThrows方法来验证抛出了预期的异常
   @Test
   public void testDivideByZero() {
     assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class,
       () -> calculateUsingStrategy(10,0,"divide"));
   }


   // 定义其他的测试方法，分别测试不同的异常情况


   @Test
   public void testModulusByZero() {
     assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class,
       () -> calculateUsingStrategy(10,0,"modulus"));
   }


   @Test
   public void testSquareRootOfNegativeNumber() {
     assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class,
       () -> calculateUsingStrategy(-4,-2,"square root"));
   }


   // 定义一个测试方法，用assertThrows方法来验证抛出了预期的异常
   @Test
   public void testInvalidOperator() {
     assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
       () -> calculateUsingStrategy(10,-2,"foo"));
   }
}